ETIOPATHOGENETIC DEVELOPMENT FACTORS, CLASSIFICATION AND DEGREES OF OCCUPATION OF CHEST DEFORMITY
Abstract
Deformities of the anterior chest wall include damage to the sternum, ribs and muscles, as well as systemic anomalies that lead to disruption of the function and/or shape of the chest. Etiopathogenetic mechanisms of chest deformation, their diagnosis and surgical reconstruction of the chest are an urgent problem in pediatric surgery. This review article examines the etiology and pathogenesis of the development of chest deformities in children and adolescents, and describes in detail the classification and its variations. In recent years, complex classifications based on three-dimensional modeling and quantitative assessment of chest deformities have been proposed. The ASFI classification is also proposed, which includes classification features: type of defect (Anomaly), symmetry of deformation (Symmetry), types of functional disorders (Function) and main assessment indicators (Indices). The use of such a systematic, quantitative classification, which describes external signs instead of traditional terms, allows us to determine the tactics of treatment and management of patients with deformities in the future. The article summarizes the latest scientific data published by both domestic and foreign researchers on this problem.
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