STRUCTURE OF INCIDENCE OF CONGENITAL DISEASES OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM IN CHILDREN IN THE TURKESTAN REGIONSOUTH

Abstract

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a defect in the structure of the heart and large vessels. Most of the defects disrupt the blood flow within the heart or through the large (BKK) and small (MKK) circles of blood circulation. Relevance. In the early neonatal period, the diagnosis of CHD can be difficult due to the non-specificity of symptoms. Many, even critical congenital heart diseases during the period of adaptation of the newborn can proceed with minimal manifestations, or disguise themselves as symptoms of other diseases. The purpose of the study: to study the structure of the incidence of CHD and the statistics of their surgical treatment in the cardiosurgical department of the "Regional Clinical Children's Hospital" TO (RCCH). Materials and methods of the study: the case histories of patients with congenital heart disease who were treated in the cardiosurgical department of the Regional Clinical Children's Hospital of the TO (RCCH) for the period from 2019 to 2020 were analyzed. endovascular surgical interventions were performed in 201 patients with CHD aged 0 to 18 years (mean age 8.0±2 years).Boys predominated among them (63%). Results and discussion: in the period from 2018 to 2020, endovascular surgical interventions were performed in 201 patients with CHD aged 0 to 18 years (mean age 8.0±2 years). Operations: ASD with EC was 5 (2.48%) patients; DMPP-2 60 (29.8%); surgery to move abnormally draining pulmonary veins to the left atrium with CI - 1 (0.5%); VSD - 23 (11.4%); open ductus arteriosus - 34 (16.9%); endovascular operations using Amplatzer occluders - 110 (54.7%); measurement of ASD with a balloon - 53 (26.3%). All patients, in addition to the general examination, underwent ultrasound, transthoracic echocardiography, catheterization of the cavities of the heart and pulmonary artery with pressure recording and angiocardiography. Conclusions: CHD in terms of prevalence, in comparison with other congenital malformations, retains a leading position not only in the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan, but also in the world as a whole. Most of the risk factors affecting the formation of CHD are partially manageable, as evidenced by numerous studies.