СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ЛЕЧЕНИЮ ГИДРОНЕФРОЗА У ДЕТЕЙ: ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ
Аннотация
Гидронефроз у детей является наиболее распространенной пренатальной урологической аномалией, возникающей вследствие расширения почечной лоханки и чашечек в результате обструкции мочевого оттока. Его причины могут варьировать от врожденной обструкции лоханочно-мочеточникового сегмента до приобретенных состояний. Тяжесть заболевания оценивается по таким классификациям, как Общество фетальной урологии (ОФУ) и Расширение мочевыводящих путей (РМП). Хотя легкие случаи часто разрешаются самостоятельно, при тяжелых формах могут потребоваться хирургические вмешательства, такие как пиелопластика. Этот метод обладает высокой эффективностью, особенно благодаря современным достижениям, таким как роботизированные технологии. Диагностические инновации, включающие сочетание мочевых биомаркеров с ультразвуковым исследованием, значительно повысили точность выявления случаев, требующих вмешательства. Этот всесторонний анализ акцентирует внимание на мультидисциплинарном подходе, включающем передовые методы визуализации, персонализированные стратегии лечения и развивающиеся технологии для оптимизации результатов. Ожидается, что исследования новых методов лечения и малоинвазивных подходов позволят более эффективно управлять этим состоянием и улучшить функцию почек у детей с данным заболеванием в долгосрочной перспективе.
Об авторах
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